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JRM Vol.38 No.3 pp. 729-739
(2026)

Paper:

Development and Application of Wide-Range Precise Proximity Sensor

Shun Hasegawa* ORCID Icon, Ayaha Nagata** ORCID Icon, Aoi Nakane* ORCID Icon, Masahiro Matsumura***, and Kei Okada* ORCID Icon

*Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo
7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan

**Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Information Studies, The University of Tokyo
7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan

***Kubota Global Institute of Technology, Kubota Corporation
1-11 Takumi-cho, Sakai-ku, Sakai, Osaka 590-0908, Japan

Received:
December 16, 2025
Accepted:
March 25, 2026
Published:
June 20, 2026
Keywords:
proximity sensor, grasping of compliant objects, tactile stuffed robot, slip detection, agricultural plant sensing
Abstract

In this study, we defined a proximity sensor based on the fusion of an optical reflection intensity sensor and optical time-of-flight (ToF) sensor as a wide-range precise proximity sensor (WrPPS). This sensor can detect objects over a wide range, has low dependence on the physical properties of the detected object, and can be configured in a compact form. To allow the broad application of this sensor, we propose a WrPPS Single Board that packages the minimal configuration of this sensor onto a compact printed circuit board, allowing applications wherever this board can be mounted. Furthermore, to improve the accessibility of this board and allow easy application by anyone, we sell the board at a low price and release the fusion software for the intensity and ToF sensors as open-source software. The distance measurement accuracy of this sensor was quantitatively evaluated through experiments involving variations in the reflective properties, shape, and pose of the measurement target. To demonstrate the wide applicability of this sensor, we present examples of its applications, including grasping of compliant objects, tactile sensing in a stuffed robot, slip detection during walking, and agricultural plant sensing.

Principle of the WrPPS

Principle of the WrPPS

Cite this article as:
S. Hasegawa, A. Nagata, A. Nakane, M. Matsumura, and K. Okada, “Development and Application of Wide-Range Precise Proximity Sensor,” J. Robot. Mechatron., Vol.38 No.3, pp. 729-739, 2026.
Data files:
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Last updated on Jun. 19, 2026