Integrated Ground Motion and Tsunami Simulation for the 1944  Tonankai  Earthquake Using High-Performance Supercomputers

Takashi Furumura; Tatsuhiko Saito

doi:10.20965/jdr.2009.p0118

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JDR Vol.4 No.2 pp. 118-126

(2009)

doi: 10.20965/jdr.2009.p0118

Paper:

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Integrated Ground Motion and Tsunami Simulation for the 1944 Tonankai Earthquake Using High-Performance Supercomputers

Takashi Furumura and Tatsuhiko Saito

Center for Integrated Disaster Information Research, Interfaculty Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Information Studies, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan

Received:

December 23, 2008

Accepted:

February 4, 2009

Published:

April 1, 2009

Keywords:

Nankai-Trough earthquake, strong ground motion, tsunami, Earth Simulator, long-period ground motions, 1944 Tonankai earthquake

Abstract

An integrated simulation of seismic wave and tsunami has been developed for mitigation of earthquake and tsunami disasters associated with large subduction-zone earthquakes occurring in the Nankai Trough. The ground motion due to the earthquake is firstly calculated by solving equation of motions with heterogeneous source-rupture model and 3-D heterogeneous subsurface structural model. Tsunami generation and propagation in heterogeneous bathymetry is then simulated by solving the 3-D Navier-Stokes equation. Ground motion and tsunami simulations are combined through an appropriate dynamic boundary condition at the sea floor. Thanks to supercomputers and efficient parallel computing, we are reproducing strong ground motion and tsunamis caused by the M8.0 Tonankai earthquake in the Nankai Trough in 1944. The visualized seismic wavefield and tsunami derived by integrated simulation provides a direct understanding of disasters associated with Nankai Trough earthquakes with the development of long-period ground motion in highly populated basins such as Tokyo, Osaka, and Nagoya and tsunamis striking along Japan’s Pacific Ocean coast.

Cite this article as:

T. Furumura and T. Saito, “Integrated Ground Motion and Tsunami Simulation for the 1944 Tonankai Earthquake Using High-Performance Supercomputers,” J. Disaster Res., Vol.4, No.2, pp. 118-126, 2009.

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References

[1] T. Ohmachi, H. Tsukiyama, and H. Matsumoto, “Simulation of tsunami induced by dynamic displacement of seabed due to seismic faulting,”Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., 91, pp. 1898-1909, 2001.
[2] T. Furumura, B. L. N. Kennettm and K. Koketsu, “Visualization of 3-D wave propagation from the 2000 Tottori-ken Seibu, Japan earthquake: Observation and numerical simulation,” Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., 91, pp. 667-682, 2003.
[3] R. W. Graves, “Simulating seismic wave propagation in 3D elastic media using staggered-grid finite differences,” Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., 86, pp. 1091-1106, 1996.
[4] C. Cerjan, D. Kosloff, R. Kosloff, and M. Reshef, “A nonreflecting boundary condition for discrete acoustic and elastic wave equations,” Geophysics, 50, pp. 705-708, 1985.
[5] T. Furumura and L. Chen, “Large scale parallel simulation and visualization of 3D seismic wavefield using the Earth Simulator,” Computer Modeling and Engineering Sciences, 6, pp. 143-168, 2004.
[6] Y. Tanaka, H. Miyake, K. Koketsu, T. Furumura, T. Hayakawa, T. Baba, T, H. Suzuki, and T. Masuda, “The DaiDaiToku integrated model of the velocity structure beneath the Tokyo metropolitan area (2),” Abst., Japan Geoscience Union Meet. 2006, S116-P014, 2006.
[7] T. Baba, A. Ito, Y. Kaneda, T. Hayakawa, and T. Furumura, “3D velocity structure model in the ocean around Japan inferred from controlled source seismic experiments,” Abst., Japan Geoscience Union Meet. 2006.
[8] T. Furumura, T. Hayakawa, M. Nakamura, K. Koketsu, and T. Baba, “Development of long-period ground motions from the Nankai Trough, Japan, earthquakes: Observations and computer simulation of the 1944 Tonankai (Mw8.1) and the 2004 SE Off-Kii Peninsula (Mw7) Earthquakes,” Pure Appl. Geophys., 165, pp. 585-607, 2008.
[9] Y. Yamanaka, “Source process of the 1944 Tonankai and the 1945 Mikawa earthquake,” Chikyu Monthly, 305, pp. 739-745, 2004.
[10] T. Furumura and M. Nakamura, “Recovering of strong motion record of the 1944 Tonankai earthquake and long period ground motion in Kanto region,” Geophysical Exploration, 59, pp. 337-351, in Japanese, 2006.
[11] C. W. Hirt, B. D. Nichols, and N. C. Romero, “SOLA - A numerical solution algorithm for transient fluid flows,” Los Alamos National Laboratory report LA-5852, 1975.
[12] T. Saito and T. Furumura, “Three-dimensional simulation of tsunami generation and propagation: application to intraplate events,” J. Geophys. Res., doi:10.1029/2007JB005523, 2009.
[13] K. Kajiura, “The leading wave of a tsunami,” Bulletin of the Earthquake Research Institute, 41, pp. 545-571, 1963.
[14] Y. Shigihara and K. Fujima, “Wave dispersion effect in the Indian Ocean tsunami,” Journal of Disaster Research, 1, 142 - 147, 2006.
[15] T. Saito and T. Furumura, “Scattering of linear long-wave tsunamis due to randomly fluctuating sea-bottom topography: coda excitation and scattering attenuation,” Geophys. J. Int., 2008, in press.
[16] Y. Okada, “Surface deformation due to shear and tensile faults in a half space,” Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 75, pp. 1135-1154, 1985.
[17] F. Imamura, Y. Izutani, and N. Shuto, “Accuracy of tsunami numerical forecasting with the rapid estimation method of fault parameters – A case of two fault planes with different stress drop of the 1944 Tonankai earthquake,” Zisin 2, 44, 211-219, 1991.

This article is published under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationa License.

[1] [1] T. Ohmachi, H. Tsukiyama, and H. Matsumoto, “Simulation of tsunami induced by dynamic displacement of seabed due to seismic faulting,”Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., 91, pp. 1898-1909, 2001.

[2] [2] T. Furumura, B. L. N. Kennettm and K. Koketsu, “Visualization of 3-D wave propagation from the 2000 Tottori-ken Seibu, Japan earthquake: Observation and numerical simulation,” Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., 91, pp. 667-682, 2003.

[3] [3] R. W. Graves, “Simulating seismic wave propagation in 3D elastic media using staggered-grid finite differences,” Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., 86, pp. 1091-1106, 1996.

[4] [4] C. Cerjan, D. Kosloff, R. Kosloff, and M. Reshef, “A nonreflecting boundary condition for discrete acoustic and elastic wave equations,” Geophysics, 50, pp. 705-708, 1985.

[5] [5] T. Furumura and L. Chen, “Large scale parallel simulation and visualization of 3D seismic wavefield using the Earth Simulator,” Computer Modeling and Engineering Sciences, 6, pp. 143-168, 2004.

[6] [6] Y. Tanaka, H. Miyake, K. Koketsu, T. Furumura, T. Hayakawa, T. Baba, T, H. Suzuki, and T. Masuda, “The DaiDaiToku integrated model of the velocity structure beneath the Tokyo metropolitan area (2),” Abst., Japan Geoscience Union Meet. 2006, S116-P014, 2006.

[7] [7] T. Baba, A. Ito, Y. Kaneda, T. Hayakawa, and T. Furumura, “3D velocity structure model in the ocean around Japan inferred from controlled source seismic experiments,” Abst., Japan Geoscience Union Meet. 2006.

[8] [8] T. Furumura, T. Hayakawa, M. Nakamura, K. Koketsu, and T. Baba, “Development of long-period ground motions from the Nankai Trough, Japan, earthquakes: Observations and computer simulation of the 1944 Tonankai (Mw8.1) and the 2004 SE Off-Kii Peninsula (Mw7) Earthquakes,” Pure Appl. Geophys., 165, pp. 585-607, 2008.

[9] [9] Y. Yamanaka, “Source process of the 1944 Tonankai and the 1945 Mikawa earthquake,” Chikyu Monthly, 305, pp. 739-745, 2004.

[10] [10] T. Furumura and M. Nakamura, “Recovering of strong motion record of the 1944 Tonankai earthquake and long period ground motion in Kanto region,” Geophysical Exploration, 59, pp. 337-351, in Japanese, 2006.

[11] [11] C. W. Hirt, B. D. Nichols, and N. C. Romero, “SOLA - A numerical solution algorithm for transient fluid flows,” Los Alamos National Laboratory report LA-5852, 1975.

[12] [12] T. Saito and T. Furumura, “Three-dimensional simulation of tsunami generation and propagation: application to intraplate events,” J. Geophys. Res., doi:10.1029/2007JB005523, 2009.

[13] [13] K. Kajiura, “The leading wave of a tsunami,” Bulletin of the Earthquake Research Institute, 41, pp. 545-571, 1963.

[14] [14] Y. Shigihara and K. Fujima, “Wave dispersion effect in the Indian Ocean tsunami,” Journal of Disaster Research, 1, 142 - 147, 2006.

[15] [15] T. Saito and T. Furumura, “Scattering of linear long-wave tsunamis due to randomly fluctuating sea-bottom topography: coda excitation and scattering attenuation,” Geophys. J. Int., 2008, in press.

[16] [16] Y. Okada, “Surface deformation due to shear and tensile faults in a half space,” Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 75, pp. 1135-1154, 1985.

[17] [17] F. Imamura, Y. Izutani, and N. Shuto, “Accuracy of tsunami numerical forecasting with the rapid estimation method of fault parameters – A case of two fault planes with different stress drop of the 1944 Tonankai earthquake,” Zisin 2, 44, 211-219, 1991.