The “multi-agent system” (MAS) has been extensively researched, not only in the field of robotics but also in various other disciplines, such as economics, biology, and computer science. The distinctive feature of this system lies in the bottom-up achievement of the overall tasks of the system, wherein multiple agents with diverse characteristics engage in localized interactions. Moreover, there has been progress in designing and controlling system networks based on graph theory. In recent years, there has been a wide range of applications, including autonomous driving technologies, smart grids, and social systems. In this special issue, we aim to deepen the understanding of multi-agent systems, so we invite research papers that focus on their control and application. We welcome research papers from diverse fields related to multi-agent systems, such as swarm robotics, autonomous distributed systems, and machine learning. We eagerly await your enthusiastic submissions.