Insole-Type Simultaneous Measurement System of Plantar Pressure and Shear Force During Gait for Diabetic Patients

Taketoshi Mori; Masako Hamatani; Hiroshi Noguchi; Makoto Oe; Hiromi Sanada

doi:10.20965/jrm.2012.p0766

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JRM Vol.24 No.5 pp. 766-772

doi: 10.20965/jrm.2012.p0766

(2012)

Paper:

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Insole-Type Simultaneous Measurement System of Plantar Pressure and Shear Force During Gait for Diabetic Patients

Taketoshi Mori^*, Masako Hamatani^**, Hiroshi Noguchi^*,
Makoto Oe^, and Hiromi Sanada^

^*Life Support Technology (Molten), Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan

^**Department of Health Sciences and Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan

Received:

March 7, 2012

Accepted:

June 29, 2012

Published:

October 20, 2012

Keywords:

insole, force sensing, shear force, gait analysis, diabetic foot

Abstract

Plantar foot ulceration is one diabetic complication shown to be associated with both pressure and shear force. There are plantar pressure measurement systems, but it is still difficult to measure plantar shear force while walking. The aim of this study is to establish a simultaneous in-shoe measurement system of plantar pressure and shear force during a gait. The design of the measurement system is based on F-scan pressure-distribution-sensor sheets and shear-sensor sheets. An insole with a shear-sensor sheet was arranged to be applicable for measurement of diabetic having neuropathy patients without damaging their skin. It was found that the system gets proper different shear force data in response to gait patterns, such as shuffle walking and flat-floored walking. We confirmed, moreover, the repeatability of the system for 5 healthy individuals. Experimental results show that weight-adjusted plantar shear stress during the pushoff phase of a gait increases in diabetic patients with calluses more than in patients without calluses. After a clinical study of diabetic patients, the system can be applied not only for the prevention of diabetic foot but also for the broad evaluation of gait posture.

Cite this article as:

T. Mori, M. Hamatani, H. Noguchi, M. Oe, and H. Sanada, “Insole-Type Simultaneous Measurement System of Plantar Pressure and Shear Force During Gait for Diabetic Patients,” J. Robot. Mechatron., Vol.24 No.5, pp. 766-772, 2012.

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References

[1] International Consensus on the Diabetic Foot & Practical Guideline on the Management and Prevention of Diabetic Foot 2007 by the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot.
[2] G. E. Reiber, B. A. Lipsky, and G. W. Gibbons, “The burden of diabetic foot ulcers. Am J Surg,” Vol.176, No.2A, pp. 5S-10S, 1998.
[3] “International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot,” Practical guidelines on the management and the prevention of the diabetic foot: based upon the international consensus on the diabetic foot prepared by the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot, 2007.
[4] J. L. Lázaro-Martínez, F. J. Aragón-Sánchez, and J. V. Beneit-Montesinos et al., “Foot biomechanics in patients with diabetes mellitus: doubts regarding the relationship between neuropathy, foot motion, and deformities,” J. Am. Podiatr. Med. Assoc., Vol.101, No.3, pp. 208-214, 2011.
[5] D. B. Freeman, “Corns and calluses resulting from mechanical hyperkeratosis,” Am Fam Physician, Vol.65, No.11, pp. 2277-2280, 2002.
[6] M. Hirasawa, H. Okada et al., “The Development of the Plantar Pressure Sensor Shoes for Gait Analysis,” J. of Robotics and Mechatronics, Vol.20, No.2, pp. 289-295, 2008.
[7] A. Caselli, H. Pham, J. M. Giurini et al., “The forefoot-to-rearfoot plantar pressure ratio is increased in severe diabetic neuropathy and can predict foot ulceration,” Diabetes Care. Vol.25, No.6, pp. 1066-1071, 2002.
[8] A. Ishida, S. Miyazaki et al., “Biomechanics of Body Motion,” Corona publishing Co. Ltd., 2002 (in Japanese).
[9] S. Suzuki, A. Chaki et al., “Effect of Reduced Plantar Sensation on Human Gaits on Various Terrains,” J. of Robotics and Mechatronics, Vol.23, No.2, pp. 258-265, 2011.
[10] M. Lord and R. Hosein, “A study of in-shoe plantar shear in patients with diabetic neuropathy,” Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon), Vol.15, No.4, pp. 278-283, 2000.
[11] Y. Cong, J. T.-M. Cheung, A. K. Leung, and M. Zhang, “Effect of heel height on in-shoe localized triaxial stresses,” J. Biomech., Vol.44, No.12, pp. 2267-2272, 2011.
[12] “Japanese Diabetic Neuropathy Association. Practical diagnostic criteria for diabetic polyneuropathy,” Peripheral Nerve, Vol.15, pp. 92-94, 2004 (in Japanese).
[13] K. Sudo, S. Shimada, Y. Iida et al., “Quantitative evaluation of walking style from the temporal and spatial tracks of sole pressure points,” Electron Comm. Jpn., Vol.89, No.4, pp. 42-54, 2006.
[14] N. Singh, D. G. Armstrong, and B. A. Lipsky, “Preventing foot ulcers in patients with diabetes,” JAMA, Vol.293, No.2, pp. 217-228, 2005.

This article is published under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationa License.

[1] [1] International Consensus on the Diabetic Foot & Practical Guideline on the Management and Prevention of Diabetic Foot 2007 by the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot.

[2] [2] G. E. Reiber, B. A. Lipsky, and G. W. Gibbons, “The burden of diabetic foot ulcers. Am J Surg,” Vol.176, No.2A, pp. 5S-10S, 1998.

[3] [3] “International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot,” Practical guidelines on the management and the prevention of the diabetic foot: based upon the international consensus on the diabetic foot prepared by the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot, 2007.

[4] [4] J. L. Lázaro-Martínez, F. J. Aragón-Sánchez, and J. V. Beneit-Montesinos et al., “Foot biomechanics in patients with diabetes mellitus: doubts regarding the relationship between neuropathy, foot motion, and deformities,” J. Am. Podiatr. Med. Assoc., Vol.101, No.3, pp. 208-214, 2011.

[5] [5] D. B. Freeman, “Corns and calluses resulting from mechanical hyperkeratosis,” Am Fam Physician, Vol.65, No.11, pp. 2277-2280, 2002.

[6] [6] M. Hirasawa, H. Okada et al., “The Development of the Plantar Pressure Sensor Shoes for Gait Analysis,” J. of Robotics and Mechatronics, Vol.20, No.2, pp. 289-295, 2008.

[7] [7] A. Caselli, H. Pham, J. M. Giurini et al., “The forefoot-to-rearfoot plantar pressure ratio is increased in severe diabetic neuropathy and can predict foot ulceration,” Diabetes Care. Vol.25, No.6, pp. 1066-1071, 2002.

[8] [8] A. Ishida, S. Miyazaki et al., “Biomechanics of Body Motion,” Corona publishing Co. Ltd., 2002 (in Japanese).

[9] [9] S. Suzuki, A. Chaki et al., “Effect of Reduced Plantar Sensation on Human Gaits on Various Terrains,” J. of Robotics and Mechatronics, Vol.23, No.2, pp. 258-265, 2011.

[10] [10] M. Lord and R. Hosein, “A study of in-shoe plantar shear in patients with diabetic neuropathy,” Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon), Vol.15, No.4, pp. 278-283, 2000.

[11] [11] Y. Cong, J. T.-M. Cheung, A. K. Leung, and M. Zhang, “Effect of heel height on in-shoe localized triaxial stresses,” J. Biomech., Vol.44, No.12, pp. 2267-2272, 2011.

[12] [12] “Japanese Diabetic Neuropathy Association. Practical diagnostic criteria for diabetic polyneuropathy,” Peripheral Nerve, Vol.15, pp. 92-94, 2004 (in Japanese).

[13] [13] K. Sudo, S. Shimada, Y. Iida et al., “Quantitative evaluation of walking style from the temporal and spatial tracks of sole pressure points,” Electron Comm. Jpn., Vol.89, No.4, pp. 42-54, 2006.

[14] [14] N. Singh, D. G. Armstrong, and B. A. Lipsky, “Preventing foot ulcers in patients with diabetes,” JAMA, Vol.293, No.2, pp. 217-228, 2005.

Insole-Type Simultaneous Measurement System of Plantar Pressure and Shear Force During Gait for Diabetic Patients

Taketoshi Mori*, Masako Hamatani**, Hiroshi Noguchi*, Makoto Oe**, and Hiromi Sanada**

Taketoshi Mori^*, Masako Hamatani^**, Hiroshi Noguchi^*,
Makoto Oe^, and Hiromi Sanada^