Lowering Vulnerability Using the Asset-Access-Time Method

William J. Siembieda

doi:10.20965/jdr.2010.p0180

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JDR Vol.5 No.2 pp. 180-186

(2010)

doi: 10.20965/jdr.2010.p0180

Paper:

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Lowering Vulnerability Using the Asset-Access-Time Method

William J. Siembieda

Department of City and Regional Planning, College of Architecture and Environmental Design, California Polytechnic State University - San Luis Obispo, Room 21-128, 1 Grand Avenue, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA

Received:

January 10, 2010

Accepted:

February 10, 2010

Published:

April 1, 2010

Keywords:

assets, access, mitigation, vulnerability, disaster recovery, capacity building, participatory risk assessment, resiliency

Abstract

This paper develops the asset-access-time (AAT) model. The model has three variables: assets, access, and time. Assets are resources (economic, physical, human and institutional) available to households, communities and governments. Access is the ability to use the assets after a disaster event occurs. Time is a dynamic variable influencing when an asset is available to a user and influences its asset value. The combination of the three variables and how they are linked to classes of people, institutions, and places is discussed. Section 1 develops the model components in a linear and rational fashion and provides some examples. Section 2 describes how this model can be adapted to meet local requirements through an example in El Salvador. The model can be used to build a disaster resilience profile. This paper is part of a larger exploration of “asset-based mitigation,” a process of vulnerability reduction through pre-disaster investments in asset protection. Policy implications for disaster management using this method are developed.

Cite this article as:

W. Siembieda, “Lowering Vulnerability Using the Asset-Access-Time Method,” J. Disaster Res., Vol.5 No.2, pp. 180-186, 2010.

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References

[1] Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED), “Statisical Review: The Numbers and the Trends,” Brussels: Université catholique de Louvain, 2008.
[2] W. G. Peacock, W. Kunreuther, W. H. Hooke, S. L. Cutter, S. E. Change, and P. R. Berke, “Toward A Resiliency and Vulnerability Observatory Network: RAVON,” HRRAC reports: 08-02R, archone.
tamu.edu/hrrc/publications/research reports/RAVON. 2008.
[3] J. Kahan, H. Allen, C. Andrew, and Justin K. George, “An Operational Framework for Resilience,” Journal of Homeland Security and Emergency Management, Vol.6, No.1, Article 83, 2009.
[4] C. Rubin, “Long Term Recovery from Disasters: The Neglected Component of Emergency Management.” Journal of Homeland Security and Emergency Management, Vol.6, No.1, Article 46, 2009(a).
[5] K. Vasta and F. Krimgold, “Financing Disaster Mitigation for the Poor,” pp. 129-153 in A. Kreimer, and M. Arnold (Eds.), Managing Disaster Risk in Developing Countries. Washington, D.C., The World Bank, Disaster Risk Management Series No.2, 2000.
[6] P. Blaikie, T. Cannon, I. Davis, and B. Wisner. “At Risk: Natural Hazards, People’s Vulnerability, and Disasters,” London, Routledge, 1994.
[7] M. K. Lindell and R. W. Perry, “Household Adjustments to Earthquake Hazard, Environment and Behavior, 32, pp. 590-630. 2000.
[8] W. G. Peacock, N. Nash, and Y. Yang, “Shelter and Housing Recovery Following Disaster,” in The Handbook of Disaster Research, H. Rodriquez, E. L. Quarantelli, and R. Dynes, New York, Springer, 2006.
[9] M. Wachs and N. Kabil, “Decision Making After Disasters: Responding to the Northridge Earthquake, 1996, Access, Institute for Transportation Engineering,” University of California, Berkeley, Number 8, Spring.
[10] A. Inam, “Planning the Unplanned: Recovering from Crises in Megacities,” London, Routledge, 2005.
[11] M. Comerio, “Disaster Hits Home: New Policy for Urban Housing Recovery,” Berkeley, University of California Press, 1998.
[12] W. Siembieda, “Urban Risk Reduction’s Role in Sustainable Development,” Natural Hazards Observer, Vol.XXX, No.4, March 2006.
[13] Committee on Disaster Research in the Social Sciences, “Facing Hazards and Disasters: Understanding Human Dimensions,” National Research Council of the National Academies, Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press, 2006.
[14] C. Rubin, “Email correspondence,” November 15, 2009(b).
[15] L. Johnson, “Improving Disaster Response Management Practices: A Study of Three Cities,” Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Informatics, Kyoto University, Japan, 2009.
[16] M. Lungo, “Centroamérica. La ciudad y sus vulnerabilidades,” Revista Quorum # 3, Universidad de Alcalá de Henares, España, 2001.
[17] M. Lungo (Ed.), “Riesgos urbanos,” UCA/OPAMSS, San Salvador, 2002.
[18] A. Portes and P. Landolf, “Social Capital: Promise and Pitfalls of Its Role in Development,” Journal of Latin American Studies, 32, pp. 529-547, 2000.
[19] W. Siembieda, “Choosing a Paradigm for Disaster Recovery: Introduction and Overview,” Chapter 1, 2002, Accessed from the Internet,
http://www.cdmha.org/Research/Chapter1.pdf, November 30, 2009.
[20] R. Olshansky and L. Johnson, “Clear As Mud,” Chicago, American Planning Association Press, 2010.

This article is published under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationa License.

[1] [1] Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED), “Statisical Review: The Numbers and the Trends,” Brussels: Université catholique de Louvain, 2008.

[2] [2] W. G. Peacock, W. Kunreuther, W. H. Hooke, S. L. Cutter, S. E. Change, and P. R. Berke, “Toward A Resiliency and Vulnerability Observatory Network: RAVON,” HRRAC reports: 08-02R, archone.
tamu.edu/hrrc/publications/research reports/RAVON. 2008.

[3] [3] J. Kahan, H. Allen, C. Andrew, and Justin K. George, “An Operational Framework for Resilience,” Journal of Homeland Security and Emergency Management, Vol.6, No.1, Article 83, 2009.

[4] [4] C. Rubin, “Long Term Recovery from Disasters: The Neglected Component of Emergency Management.” Journal of Homeland Security and Emergency Management, Vol.6, No.1, Article 46, 2009(a).

[5] [5] K. Vasta and F. Krimgold, “Financing Disaster Mitigation for the Poor,” pp. 129-153 in A. Kreimer, and M. Arnold (Eds.), Managing Disaster Risk in Developing Countries. Washington, D.C., The World Bank, Disaster Risk Management Series No.2, 2000.

[6] [6] P. Blaikie, T. Cannon, I. Davis, and B. Wisner. “At Risk: Natural Hazards, People’s Vulnerability, and Disasters,” London, Routledge, 1994.

[7] [7] M. K. Lindell and R. W. Perry, “Household Adjustments to Earthquake Hazard, Environment and Behavior, 32, pp. 590-630. 2000.

[8] [8] W. G. Peacock, N. Nash, and Y. Yang, “Shelter and Housing Recovery Following Disaster,” in The Handbook of Disaster Research, H. Rodriquez, E. L. Quarantelli, and R. Dynes, New York, Springer, 2006.

[9] [9] M. Wachs and N. Kabil, “Decision Making After Disasters: Responding to the Northridge Earthquake, 1996, Access, Institute for Transportation Engineering,” University of California, Berkeley, Number 8, Spring.

[10] [10] A. Inam, “Planning the Unplanned: Recovering from Crises in Megacities,” London, Routledge, 2005.

[11] [11] M. Comerio, “Disaster Hits Home: New Policy for Urban Housing Recovery,” Berkeley, University of California Press, 1998.

[12] [12] W. Siembieda, “Urban Risk Reduction’s Role in Sustainable Development,” Natural Hazards Observer, Vol.XXX, No.4, March 2006.

[13] [13] Committee on Disaster Research in the Social Sciences, “Facing Hazards and Disasters: Understanding Human Dimensions,” National Research Council of the National Academies, Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press, 2006.

[14] [14] C. Rubin, “Email correspondence,” November 15, 2009(b).

[15] [15] L. Johnson, “Improving Disaster Response Management Practices: A Study of Three Cities,” Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Informatics, Kyoto University, Japan, 2009.

[16] [16] M. Lungo, “Centroamérica. La ciudad y sus vulnerabilidades,” Revista Quorum # 3, Universidad de Alcalá de Henares, España, 2001.

[17] [17] M. Lungo (Ed.), “Riesgos urbanos,” UCA/OPAMSS, San Salvador, 2002.

[18] [18] A. Portes and P. Landolf, “Social Capital: Promise and Pitfalls of Its Role in Development,” Journal of Latin American Studies, 32, pp. 529-547, 2000.

[19] [19] W. Siembieda, “Choosing a Paradigm for Disaster Recovery: Introduction and Overview,” Chapter 1, 2002, Accessed from the Internet,
http://www.cdmha.org/Research/Chapter1.pdf, November 30, 2009.

[20] [20] R. Olshansky and L. Johnson, “Clear As Mud,” Chicago, American Planning Association Press, 2010.