In this article we propose a new speech signal coding model applied to the recognition of phonemes. This model is an extension to the non linear area of adaptive coding systems used in speech processing. For this purpose, we use predictive connectionist methods. We show that it is possible to take into account class membership information of the phonemes from the stage of coding. To evaluate the NPC encoder, a study of a database of phonemes by discriminant analysis and an application to phonemes recognition are carried out. Simulations presented here show that classification has obviously been improved, compared to currently used types of coding.