The substation inspection robot follows the set path when working autonomously, and accurate positioning of the robot while moving is required to ensure that the route does not deviate. This study briefly introduces a substation inspection robot, an odometer-based positioning algorithm, radio frequency identification (RFID), and a machine vision-based positioning algorithm, and improves the former algorithm by RFID. Subsequently, the three positioning algorithms were compared. The results showed that the RFID+machine vision-based positioning algorithm exhibited the highest accuracy among the three algorithms tested under the same cycle number, and its positioning error remained stable as the cycle number increased.

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