Fault-Tolerant Fuel Cell Hybrid Bus Powertrain Integration

Zaimin Zhong; Jingzhou Wei; Xinbo Chen

doi:10.20965/ijat.2012.p0213

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IJAT Vol.6 No.2 pp. 213-220

doi: 10.20965/ijat.2012.p0213

(2012)

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Fault-Tolerant Fuel Cell Hybrid Bus Powertrain Integration

Zaimin Zhong, Jingzhou Wei, and Xinbo Chen

College of Automotive Engineering, Tongji University, Clean Energy Automotive Engineering Center, No.4800, Cao-An Road, Shanghai 201804, China

Received:

August 29, 2011

Accepted:

January 11, 2012

Published:

March 5, 2012

Keywords:

fault-tolerance, fuel cell hybrid bus, PEMFC, quasi-parallel, powertrain integration

Abstract

Focusing on Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cell hybrid Bus (FCB) powertrain integration, this paper presents a quasi-parallel dual-powertrain topology that can enhance powertrain reliability and extend optimization of energy distribution. This paper analyzes the redundancy of three practical topological structures for a dual-powertrain FCB, including a full-parallel structure, a quasi-serial structure, and a quasi-parallel structure. By calculation and comparison, the reliability of the quasi-parallel dualpowertrain structure and its corresponding fault redundancy is shown to be the highest. This paper also carries out an optimization design of FCB powertrain parameters by analyzing the power index and typical Chinese bus cycle. Furthermore, the innovative method of designing power sources is discussed in this paper. Not only power characteristics but also energy characteristics of batteries are fully taken into consideration in this paper. Off-board and on-board experiments verify the feasibility and redundancy of the quasi-parallel dual-powertrain. This research is of reference value for the study of FCB powertrains.

Cite this article as:

Z. Zhong, J. Wei, and X. Chen, “Fault-Tolerant Fuel Cell Hybrid Bus Powertrain Integration,” Int. J. Automation Technol., Vol.6 No.2, pp. 213-220, 2012.

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References

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[5] J. Wang, Y. Chen, and Q. Chen, “A fuel cell city bus with three drivetrain configurations,” J. of Power Sources 159, 2, 1205-1213, 2006.
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[7] M. Saxe, A. Folkesson, and P. Alvfors, “Energy system analysis of the fuel cell buses operated in the project: Clean Urban Transport for Europe,” Energy 33, 5, 689-711, 2008.
[8] X. Li, J. Li, L. Xu, F. Yang, J. Hua, and M. Ouyang, “Performance analysis of proton-exchange membrance fuel cell stacks used in Brijing urban-route buses trial project,” Intl J Hydrogen Energy 35, 3841-3847, 2010.
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[10] Z. Zhong, “Fault tolerant Powertrain integration design of fuel cell city bus,” The 25th World Battery, Hybrid and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle Symposium & Exhibition, 154, 2010.
[11] J. Lee, C. Kim, and E. NamGoong, “Dynamic state battery modeling of energy and power as the state variables for EV application,” SAE Special Publications 1243, 49-54, 1997.
[12] J.Yao, Z. Zhong, and Z. Sun, “Economical Optimization Design for Hybrid Power System of Fuel Cell Bus,” J. of Tongji University (Natural Science) 36, 9, 1246-1249, 2008.
[13] Q. Chen, J. Zhu, and G. Tian, “Advanced electric vehicle technology,” 1st Ed., Chemical Industry Press. Beijing, 2007.
[14] Z. Yu, “Theory of automobile. 1st edn. China Machine Press. Beijing, 2000.
[15] S. a. O. China, GB/T 18385, Standards Press of China, Beijing, 2005.

This article is published under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationa License.

[1] [1] A. Folkesson, C. Andersson, P. Alvfors, M. Alaküla, and L. Overgaard, “Real life testing of a Hybrid PEM Fuel Cell Bus,” J. of Power Sources, 118, 1-2, 349-357, 2003.

[2] [2] B. He, L. Lu, and J. Li, “Simulation Research on Energy Management Strategy of Fuel Cell Hybrid Electric Vehicle,” J. of Highway and Transportation Research and Development 23, 1, 151-155, 2006.

[3] [3] O. Erdinc and M. Uzunoglu, “Recent trends in PEM fuel cellpowered hybrid systems: Investigation of application areas, design architectures and energy management approaches,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 14, 9, 2874-2884, 2010.

[4] [4] M. Ouyang, L. Xu, J. Li, L. Lu, D. Gao, and Q. Xie, “Performance comparison of two fuel cell hybrid buses with different powertrain and energy management strategies,” J. of Power Sources 163, 1, 467-479, 2006.

[5] [5] J. Wang, Y. Chen, and Q. Chen, “A fuel cell city bus with three drivetrain configurations,” J. of Power Sources 159, 2, 1205-1213, 2006.

[6] [6] Y. Gao and M. Ehsani, “Systematic design of fuel cell powered hybrid vehicle drive train,” IEMDC 2001. IEEE Int., 604-611, 2001.

[7] [7] M. Saxe, A. Folkesson, and P. Alvfors, “Energy system analysis of the fuel cell buses operated in the project: Clean Urban Transport for Europe,” Energy 33, 5, 689-711, 2008.

[8] [8] X. Li, J. Li, L. Xu, F. Yang, J. Hua, and M. Ouyang, “Performance analysis of proton-exchange membrance fuel cell stacks used in Brijing urban-route buses trial project,” Intl J Hydrogen Energy 35, 3841-3847, 2010.

[9] [9] L. Xu, J. Li, M. Ouyang, J. Hua, and X. Li, “Active fault tolerance control system of fuel cell hybrid city bus,” Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 35, 12510-12520, 2010.

[10] [10] Z. Zhong, “Fault tolerant Powertrain integration design of fuel cell city bus,” The 25th World Battery, Hybrid and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle Symposium & Exhibition, 154, 2010.

[11] [11] J. Lee, C. Kim, and E. NamGoong, “Dynamic state battery modeling of energy and power as the state variables for EV application,” SAE Special Publications 1243, 49-54, 1997.

[12] [12] J.Yao, Z. Zhong, and Z. Sun, “Economical Optimization Design for Hybrid Power System of Fuel Cell Bus,” J. of Tongji University (Natural Science) 36, 9, 1246-1249, 2008.

[13] [13] Q. Chen, J. Zhu, and G. Tian, “Advanced electric vehicle technology,” 1st Ed., Chemical Industry Press. Beijing, 2007.

[14] [14] Z. Yu, “Theory of automobile. 1st edn. China Machine Press. Beijing, 2000.

[15] [15] S. a. O. China, GB/T 18385, Standards Press of China, Beijing, 2005.