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Adaptive Formation Plays in Simulated Soccer Game Based on Pheromon as Communication Media and Reward Resources
Masao Kubo, Sadayoshi Mikami, Yukinori Kakazu and Mitsuo Wada
Chaotic Engineering, Complex Systems Engineering Laboratry, Faculty of Eng., Hokkaido University, N-13, W-8, Sapporo, 060, Japan
Received:April 3, 1998Accepted:December 1, 1998Published:February 20, 1999
Keywords:multi agent system, soccer, learning, formation, organization
Abstract
In this paper, a methodology for self-organization of autonomous agents is proposed. Agents make an organization to adapt their environment, building an adaptable soccer team. In soccer games, each player must forecast correctly, and players behave strongly as a team. They must also react and reform team plays if accidents happen by statistical movement of the ball. To adapt the soccer environment, we introduce an on-time communication style among autonomous agents, pheromone communication. Agents as players give their forecasting (represented by pheromones) acquired by the learning ability of each agent. Using by forecasting, they discuss and reform team play. With this learning ability in forecasting by each player, we expect they will make a close soccer team. When they start learning, they cannot behave sophisticatedly but, after sufficient learning trials, they behave like offensive professional players.
Cite this article as:M. Kubo, S. Mikami, Y. Kakazu, and M. Wada, “Adaptive Formation Plays in Simulated Soccer Game Based on Pheromon as Communication Media and Reward Resources,” J. Robot. Mechatron., Vol.11 No.1, pp. 72-77, 1999.Data files: