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JDR Vol.6 No.4 pp. 413-420
(2011)
doi: 10.20965/jdr.2011.p0413

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West Nile Virus : Understanding its Past, Present, and Future

Yusuke Sayama*,** and Tetsuya Mizutani*

*Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Disease, 4-7-1 Gakuen, Musashimurayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan

**Department of Virology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryou-machi Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan

Received:
February 14, 2011
Accepted:
April 1, 2011
Published:
August 1, 2011
Creative Commons License
Keywords:
West Nile virus, mosquito-borne flavivirus, outbreakes, vaccine development, diagnosis
Abstract
The West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that causes significant morbidity and mortality in birds, horses, and humans. WNV-infection causes clinical symptoms such as WNV fever to fatal meningoencephalitis in humans. The emergence and spread of WNV from North America to South America during the last decade and the recent outbreaks of this disease in both humans and horses in Europe suggest that its epidemiology of infection is evolving. This review will present an overview ofWNV virology, vaccine development, and practical aspects of reducing risk of a possible WNV invasion in Japan.
Cite this article as:
Y. Sayama and T. Mizutani, “West Nile Virus : Understanding its Past, Present, and Future,” J. Disaster Res., Vol.6 No.4, pp. 413-420, 2011.
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