single-jc.php

JACIII Vol.29 No.6 pp. 1305-1310
doi: 10.20965/jaciii.2025.p1305
(2025)

Research Paper:

Vehicle Traffic Prediction and Analysis Using Hybrid Deep Learning Technique

Betty Paulraj*1,† ORCID Icon, Shilpi Sharma*2 ORCID Icon, Narayan C. Debnath*3 ORCID Icon, and Ramzi A. Haraty*4 ORCID Icon

*1Amity School of Engineering and Technology, Amity University
125 Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201303, India

Corresponding author

*2Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Amity School of Engineering and Technology, Amity University
E3-317A, ASET-CSE, Sector-125, Noida 201302, India

*3School of Computing and Information Technology, Eastern International University
81 Nam Ky Khoi Nghia Street, Hoa Phu Ward, Thu Dau Mot, Binh Duong, Ho Chi Minh City 75114, Vietnam

*4Department of Computer Sciences and Mathematics, Lebanese American University
P.O. Box 13-5053 Chouran, Beirut 1102, Lebanon

Received:
May 28, 2024
Accepted:
June 18, 2025
Published:
November 20, 2025
Keywords:
machine learning, intelligent transport system, prediction, neural networks, traffic analysis
Abstract

The main objective of this study is to predict road traffic in unconditional situations in real time. The advancement of machine learning techniques paves the way for the prediction of traffic well in advance. This system is completely trained on the dataset of vehicle services with pre-scheduled timings. This advanced prediction improves the travel experience at large. As the system has to operate on the time-based data in an unconditional and unplanned environment, the effectiveness of the system is evaluated using deep learning models. The results obtained after testing were presented and a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of each model in terms of accuracy and correctness were studied.

Cite this article as:
B. Paulraj, S. Sharma, N. Debnath, and R. Haraty, “Vehicle Traffic Prediction and Analysis Using Hybrid Deep Learning Technique,” J. Adv. Comput. Intell. Intell. Inform., Vol.29 No.6, pp. 1305-1310, 2025.
Data files:
References
  1. [1] Y. Hu, “Research on city traffic flow forecast based on graph convolutional neural network,” 2021 IEEE 2nd Int. Conf. on Big Data, Artificial Intelligence and Internet of Things Engineering (ICBAIE), pp. 269-273, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBAIE52039.2021.9389951
  2. [2] K. Simonyan and A. Zisserman, “Very deep convolutional networks for large-scale image recognition,” Int. Conf. on Learning Representations, arXiv:1409.1556, 2014.
  3. [3] H. Yi, H. Jung, and S. Bae, “Deep neural networks for traffic flow prediction,” 2017 IEEE Int. Conf. on Big Data and Smart Computing (BigComp), pp. 328-331, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1109/BIGCOMP.2017.7881687
  4. [4] M. Abdollahi, T. Khaleghi, and K. Yang, “An integrated feature learning approach using deep learning for travel time prediction,” Expert Systems with Applications, Vol.139, Article No.112864, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2019.112864
  5. [5] B. Bae, H. Kim, H. Lim, Y. Liu, L. D. Han, and P. B. Freeze, “Missing data imputation for traffic flow speed using spatio-temporal cokriging,” Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, Vol.88, pp. 124-139, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trc.2018.01.015
  6. [6] A. Allström et al., “Hybrid approach for short-term traffic state and travel time prediction on highways,” Transportation Research Record, Vol.2554, No.1, pp. 60-68, 2016. https://doi.org/10.3141/2554-07
  7. [7] P. Thamizhazhagan, M. Sujatha, S. Umadevi, K. Priyadarshini, V. S. Parvathy, I. V. Pustokhina, and D. A. Pustokhin, “AI Based Traffic Flow Prediction Model for Connected and Autonomous Electric Vehicles,” Computers, Materials and Continua, Vol.70, No.2, pp. 3333-3347, 2022. https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2022.020197
  8. [8] K. Chen, F. Chen, B. Lai, Z. Jin, Y. Liu, K. Li, L. Wei, P. Wang, Y. Tang, J. Huang, and X. Hua, “Dynamic spatio-temporal graph-based CNNs for traffic flow prediction,” IEEE Access, Vol.8, pp. 185136-185145, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3027375
  9. [9] “PTV Planung Transport Verkehr,” GmbH, Manual PTV Vissim, 2022.
  10. [10] J. Chung, C. Gulcehre, K. Cho, and Y. Bengio, “Gated feedback recurrent neural networks,” Proc. of the 32nd Int. Conf. on Int. Conf. on Machine Learning (ICML’15), Vol.37, pp. 2067-2075, 2015. https://arxiv.org/pdf/1502.02367v4.pdf
  11. [11] A. Ali, Y. Zhu, and M. Zakarya, “Exploiting dynamic spatio-temporal graph convolutional neural networks for citywide traffic flows prediction,” Neural Networks, Vol.145, pp. 233-247, 2022.
  12. [12] C. Ma, G. Dai, and J. Zhou, “Short-term traffic flow prediction for urban road sections based on time series analysis and LSTM_BILSTM method,” IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst., Vol.23, No.6, pp. 5615-5624, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1109/TITS.2021.3055258
  13. [13] S. Lee and D. B. Fambro, “Application of subset autoregressive integrated moving average model for short-term freeway traffic volume forecasting,” Transportation Research Record: J. of the Transportation Research Board, Vol.1678, No.1, pp. 179-188, 1999. https://doi.org/10.3141/1678-22
  14. [14] L. Liu, R. C. Chen, Q. Zhao, and S. Zhu, “Applying a multistage of input feature combination to random forest for improving MRT passenger flow prediction,” J. of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing, Vol.10, No.11, pp. 4515-4532, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12652-018-1135-2
  15. [15] N. Tiwari and L. Prasad, “Exploration and analysis of time series models for intelligent traffic management system,” Proc. on Engineering Sciences, Vol.6, No.1, pp. 1-12. 2024. https://doi.org/10.24874/PES06.01.001
  16. [16] Y. Liu, H. Zheng, X. Feng, and Z. Chen, “Short-term traffic flow prediction with Conv-LSTM,” Int. Conf. on Wireless Communications and Signal Processing, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1109/WCSP.2017.8171119
  17. [17] F. Xia, C. B. W. Q. Yu, and A. Zhou, “A data grouping CNN algorithm for short-term traffic flow forecasting,” APWeb2016, pp. 183-195, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45814-4
  18. [18] C. Ma, Y. Zhao, G. Dai, X. Xu, and S.-C. Wong, “A novel STFSA-CNN-GRU hybrid model for short-term traffic speed prediction,” IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst., Vol.24, No.4, pp. 3728-3737, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1109/TITS.2021.3117835
  19. [19] X. Xu, T. Zhang, C. Xu, Z. Cui, and J. Yang, “Spatial-temporal tensor graph convolutional network for traffic speed prediction,” IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst., Vol.24, No.1, pp. 92-103, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1109/TITS.2022.3215613
  20. [20] “Traffic Prediction Dataset,” kaggle.com. https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/fedesoriano/traffic-prediction-dataset [Accessed November 11, 2025]

*This site is desgined based on HTML5 and CSS3 for modern browsers, e.g. Chrome, Firefox, Safari, Edge, Opera.

Last updated on Nov. 19, 2025