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IJAT Vol.6 No.1 pp. 84-91
doi: 10.20965/ijat.2012.p0084
(2012)

Paper:

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Lateral Shift Error due to Graduation Anomalies and Line-Detection Algorithm in Line Scale Measurement

Akira Takahashi*, Yuji Kokumai**, and Yuichi Takigawa**

*Instruments Company, Nikon Corporation, 471 Nagaodai, Sakae, Yokohama, Kanagawa 244-8533, Japan

**Core Technology Center, Nikon Corporation, 6-3 Nishiohi 1, Shinagawa, Tokyo 140-8601, Japan

Received:
October 11, 2011
Accepted:
December 1, 2011
Published:
January 5, 2012
Creative Commons License
Keywords:
length measurement, line scale, graduation anomalies, signal processing algorithm
Abstract
The measurement error resulting from graduation anomalies and the signal processing algorithm used for determining the positions of graduations on line scales was investigated by simulation and experiment. Optical image-forming simulations were carried out on models of 6-µm-wide graduations with three sizes of defects (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 µm) at one edge. A digital filter was used in signal processing to obtain the first differential to determine the positions of the graduations. The minimum values of the lateral shift of the determined graduation positions were observed for the three defect sizes when using a 9-µm-wide differential filter. An experiment was also carried out on an ordinary line scale with 6-µm-wide graduations using a high-precision laser-interferometric line scale calibration system by measuring seven positions on the scale in the direction perpendicular to the measurement axis. The root mean square of the standard deviations from the linear fitting lines constructed using the measured positions over a 300-mm-long line scale was 2.8 nmwhen the differential filter width was 9 µm. It was demonstrated that a differential filter was effective in reducing the lateral error due to graduation anomalies.
Cite this article as:
A. Takahashi, Y. Kokumai, and Y. Takigawa, “Lateral Shift Error due to Graduation Anomalies and Line-Detection Algorithm in Line Scale Measurement,” Int. J. Automation Technol., Vol.6 No.1, pp. 84-91, 2012.
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