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JRM Vol.38 No.2 pp. 608-618
(2026)

Paper:

Learning Effect on the Elderly of Robots Teaching Driving Behavior Based on the GROW Model

Felix Jimenez*1 ORCID Icon, Syo Sugita*2, Masayoshi Kanoh*3 ORCID Icon, Tomohiro Yoshikawa*4 ORCID Icon, and Mitsuhiro Hayase*5 ORCID Icon

*1School of Information Science and Technology, Aichi Prefectural University
1522-3 Ibaragabasama, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1198, Japan

*2AKKODiS Consulting Ltd.
3-4-1 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-0023, Japan

*3School of Engineering, Chukyo University
101-2 Yagoto Honmachi, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8666, Japan

*4Department of Health Data Science, Suzuka University of Medical Science
1001-1 Kishioka, Suzuka, Mie 510-0293, Japan

*5School of Information and Social Design, Sugiyama Jogakuen University
17-3 Hosigaoka-motomatchi, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8662, Japan

Received:
March 18, 2025
Accepted:
October 21, 2025
Published:
April 20, 2026
Keywords:
human symbiotic robots, driving behavior, collaborative learning, GROW model
Abstract

In recent years, educational support robots that assist learning have attracted attention. This study focuses on robots that teach driving techniques. In driving schools, instructors teach drivers using a method that gradually teaches them about situations and actions. This teaching method is known as the GROW model. Previous studies have shown that collaborative learning with robots using the GROW model is an effective way of teaching driving behavior to university students. However, in today’s society, the number of accidents caused by elderly drivers is increasing, and the demand for teaching driving behaviors to the elderly is high. Therefore, it is important to verify the effectiveness of this approach for elderly drivers. This study investigated the effects of collaborative learning with a robot using the GROW model on elderly people. A comparative experiment was conducted using three groups: a robot with the GROW model, a conventional robot without the GROW model, and a learning system. The experimental results showed that compared to the conventional robot and learning system, the robot equipped with the GROW model was more memorable for the elderly.

Overview of the proposed robot

Overview of the proposed robot

Cite this article as:
F. Jimenez, S. Sugita, M. Kanoh, T. Yoshikawa, and M. Hayase, “Learning Effect on the Elderly of Robots Teaching Driving Behavior Based on the GROW Model,” J. Robot. Mechatron., Vol.38 No.2, pp. 608-618, 2026.
Data files:
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Last updated on Apr. 19, 2026