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JDR Vol.17 No.5 pp. 716-723
(2022)
doi: 10.20965/jdr.2022.p0716

Paper:

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Experimental Constraints on the H2O-Saturated Plagioclase Liquidus and the Storage Depth of the Izu-Oshima 1986B Basaltic Andesite Melt

Ryoya Oida*1,*2, Hidemi Ishibashi*3,†, Akihiko Tomiya*2, Masashi Ushioda*2, Natsumi Hokanishi*4, and Atsushi Yasuda*4

*1Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University
836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan

*2Geological Survey of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan

*3Department of Geosciences, Faculty of Science, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan

†Corresponding author

*4Earthquake Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

Received:
January 8, 2022
Accepted:
May 25, 2022
Published:
August 1, 2022
Creative Commons License
Keywords:
Izu-Oshima volcano, pre-eruptive condition, plagioclase liquidus, magma chamber, high P–T experiment
Abstract

High-temperature melting and crystallization experiments were carried out at pressures from 1 atm to 196 MPa and under H2O-saturated conditions on the basaltic andesite melt of the Izu-Oshima 1986B eruption (i.e., the BM melt), using a 1-atmosphere fO2-controlled furnace and an internally heated pressure vessel. These data were used to constrain the H2O-saturated plagioclase liquidus (HSPL) of the melt. The fO2 conditions were controlled by a mixed H2-CO2 gas at the Ni-NiO (NNO) buffer for the 1 atm experiments, but were not controlled for the high-pressure experiments. Plagioclase is the liquidus phase at 1 atm, whereas early saturation of Fe-Ti oxide above the plagioclase liquidus occurred in the high-pressure experiments due to the elevated fO2 conditions. The HSPL temperature decreases from 1172 ± 8°C to 1030 ± 20°C as the pressure increases from 1 atm to 196 MPa. A combination of previously proposed models for the plagioclase liquidus and melt H2O-solubility can predict the experimentally determined HSPL temperatures, even if oxidation-induced magnetite crystallization occurs. Using these models and the previously reported pre-eruptive temperature of ∼1100 ± 30°C, we estimate the pre-eruptive pressure conditions of the BM melt to be 42-32+48 MPa, which corresponds to depths of 1.9-1.4+1.9 km. The estimated depth is consistent with that of the shallow active dikes previously identified from geophysical studies, suggesting that the BM melt was derived from a small, shallow magma chamber formed in the shallow dike region.

Cite this article as:
R. Oida, H. Ishibashi, A. Tomiya, M. Ushioda, N. Hokanishi, and A. Yasuda, “Experimental Constraints on the H2O-Saturated Plagioclase Liquidus and the Storage Depth of the Izu-Oshima 1986B Basaltic Andesite Melt,” J. Disaster Res., Vol.17 No.5, pp. 716-723, 2022.
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