single-dr.php

JDR Vol.13 No.6 pp. 1049-1061
(2018)
doi: 10.20965/jdr.2018.p1049

Paper:

The Correlation Between Life Expectancy and Disaster Risk

Shinichi Egawa*1,*4,†, Yasuhito Jibiki*2, Daisuke Sasaki*3,*4, Yuichi Ono*3,*4, Yayoi Nakamura*1, Tomomi Suda*1, and Hiroyuki Sasaki*1

*1Division of International Cooperation for Disaster Medicine, International Research Institute for Disaster Science (IRIDeS)
468-1 Aramaki-aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8572, Japan

Corresponding author

*2Inter-Graduate School Doctoral Degree Program on Science for Global Safety, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan

*3International and Domestic Liaison Office, Disaster Information Management and Public Collaboration Division,
IRIDeS, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan

*4Global Centre for Disaster Statistics (GCDS), IRIDeS, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan

Received:
May 9, 2018
Accepted:
July 31, 2018
Published:
November 1, 2018
Keywords:
disaster risk index, life expectancy, hazard exposure, vulnerability, coping capacity
Abstract

A healthy community is a community resilient to disaster. The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction considers disaster impacts on health and encourages the implementation of disaster medicine and access to mental health services. Life expectancy (LE) is a basic statistic that indicates public health achievements and social development, including the health system, infrastructure, and accurate vital statistics. Thus, we hypothesized that LE corelates with disaster risk and strategies to achieve long LE can help achieving disaster risk reduction. We compared the disaster risk obtained from Index for Risk Management (INFORM) with the LE of both genders at birth to identify which component of INFORM risk correlates with LE. A correlation analysis revealed that overall INFORM risk negatively correlated with LE. The natural hazard category did not correlate with LE, but the human hazard category, vulnerability, and lack of coping capacity negatively correlated with LE. In the vulnerability dimension, indicators of socioeconomic vulnerability, health conditions, and children U5 negatively correlated with LE. In the lack of coping capacity dimension, indicators of communication, physical infrastructure, and access to health care negatively correlated with LE. Japan has achieved the longest LE and a low INFORM risk because of its lower vulnerability and reduced lack of coping capacity, including healthrelated indicators. In a cluster analysis of LE and INFORM categories of risk, we divided countries into four clusters and found categories that could be improved. Compared with another global disaster risk index, the Word Risk Index (WRI), the INFORM risk index seems to represent the overall disaster risk better, though they have different aspects of risk evaluation. The WRI is also negatively correlated with LE, supporting our hypothesis. In conclusion, LE is an important indicator of disaster risk and strategies to achieve long LE can be effective and important strategies in disaster risk reduction.

Cite this article as:
S. Egawa, Y. Jibiki, D. Sasaki, Y. Ono, Y. Nakamura, T. Suda, and H. Sasaki, “The Correlation Between Life Expectancy and Disaster Risk,” J. Disaster Res., Vol.13 No.6, pp. 1049-1061, 2018.
Data files:
References
  1. [1] United Nations-International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UN-ISDR), “Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030,” 2015, http://www.preventionweb.net/files/43291_sendaiframeworkfordrren.pdf [accessed October 10, 2018]
  2. [2] United Nations, “Sustainable Development Goals,” 2015, http://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/sustainable-development-goals/ [accessed October 10, 2018]
  3. [3] United Nations, “Paris Agreement,” 2015, http://unfccc.int/files/essential_background/convention/application/pdf/english_paris_agreement.pdf [accessed October 10, 2018]
  4. [4] United Nations Development Programme, “Education, health care, honest government and jobs top priorities for people worldwide,” 2015, http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/presscenter/pressreleases/2013/09/10/education-health-care-honest-and-responsive-government-and-jobs-top-priorities-for-people-worldwide-un-report.html [accessed October 10, 2018]
  5. [5] International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction (IDNDR), “Yokohama Strategy and Plan of Action for a Safer World: guidelines for natural disaster prevention, preparedness and mitigation,” 1995, http://www.unisdr.org/files/8241_doc6841contenido1.pdf [accessed October 10, 2018]
  6. [6] United Nations-International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UN-ISDR), “Hyogo Framework for Action,” 2005, http://www.unisdr.org/files/1037_hyogoframeworkforactionenglish.pdf [accessed October 10, 2018]
  7. [7] UN-ISDR & WHO, “Bangkok Principles to implement the health aspects of Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030,” http://www.who.int/hac/events/2016/Bangkok_Principles.pdf [accessed October 10, 2018]
  8. [8] A. Aitsi-Selmi, S. Egawa, H. Sasaki, C. Wannous, and V. Murray, “The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction: Renewing the Global Commitment to People’s Resilience, Health, and Well-being,” Int. J. of Disaster Risk Science, Vol.6, pp. 164-176, 2015.
  9. [9] S. Egawa, A. Murakami, and H. Sasaki, “Healthy Community Resilient against Disaster,” pp. 139-152, V. Santiago-Fandino, S. Sato and K. Iuchi (Eds.), “The 2011 Japan Earthquake and Tsunami: Reconstruction and Restoration. Insights and Assessment after 5 Years,” Springer, Switzerland, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58691-5_9, ISBN: 978-3-319-58691-5, 2017.
  10. [10] World Health Organization (WHO), “Global Health Observatory Data,” http://www.who.int/gho/en/, Data generated 2018-03-13 11:42:48.0, Last updated 2016-06-19. [accessed March 13, 2018]
  11. [11] World Health Organization (WHO), “International Conference on Primary Health Care, Alma-Ata, USSR, 6-12 September 1978,” 1978, http://www.who.int/publications/almaata_declaration_en.pdf [accessed October 10, 2018]
  12. [12] WHO, “Health Indicators of disaster risk management in the Context of the Rio+20 UN Conference on Sustainable Development. Initial findings from a WHO Expert Consultation: 17-18 May 2012,” 2012, http://www.who.int/hia/green_economy/indicators_disasters1.pdf [accessed October 10, 2018]
  13. [13] Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) and the European Commission. “Index for Risk Management (INFORM) Results Report 2018,” 2018, http://www.inform-index.org/Portals/0/InfoRM/2018/INFORM%20Annual%20Report%202018%20Web%20Spreads%20v2.pdf?ver=2017-12-20-141446-540 [accessed October 10, 2018]
  14. [14] European Union, “Index for Risk Management INFORM Concept and Methodology Report – Version 2017,” 2017, http://www.inform-index.org/Portals/0/InfoRM/2017/INFORM%20Concept%20and%20Methodology%20Version%202017%20Pdf%20FINAL.pdf?ver=2017-07-11-104935-783 [accessed October 10, 2018]
  15. [15] Institute of Spatial and Regional Planning, “World Risk Index,” 2018, http://www.uni-stuttgart.de/ireus/Internationales/WorldRiskIndex/index.en.html [accessed October 10, 2018]
  16. [16] K. Lotte, S. Luther, P. Mucke, R. Prütz, K. Radtke, and C. Schrader, “World Risk Report 2017,” L. Jeschonnek, J. Walter, Lotte Kirch, and P. Mucke (Eds.), Bündnis Entwicklung Hilft, Berlin, ISBN: 978-3-946785-04-0, http://weltrisikobericht.de/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/WRR_2017_E2.pdf [accessed October 10, 2018]
  17. [17] J. Birkmann, T. Welle, D. Krause, J. Wolfertz, D. C. Suarez, and N. J. Setiadi, ”Worldriskindex: Concept and results,” World Risk Report 2011, Bündnis Entwicklung Hilft, ISBN: 978-3-9814495-0-1, pp. 13-42, 2011, http://weltrisikobericht.de/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/WorldRiskReport_2011.pdf [accessed October 10, 2018]
  18. [18] Universal Health Coverage Forum 2017, “Tokyo Declaration on Universal Health Coverage,” 2017, http://www.who.int/universal_health_coverage/tokyo-decleration-uhc.pdf?ua=1 [accessed October 10, 2018]
  19. [19] A. G. Patt, M. Tadross, P. Nussbaumer, K. Asante, M. Metzger, J. Rafael, A. Goujon, and G. Brundrit, “Estimating least-developed countries’ vulnerability to climate-related extreme events over the next 50 years,” Proc. of National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol.107, pp. 1333-1337, 2010.
  20. [20] HelpAge International, “Disaster Risk and Age Index,” 2014, https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/Disaster%20Risk%20and%20Age%20Index%20Final.pdf [accessed October 10, 2018]

*This site is desgined based on HTML5 and CSS3 for modern browsers, e.g. Chrome, Firefox, Safari, Edge, Opera.

Last updated on Apr. 22, 2024