In this chapter, after discussing the definitions and the difference of the transdisciplinary human resources and the multidisciplinary ones, we will mention the reason why the transdisciplinary human resources are necessary today. Furthermore we will describe their expected roles and their present situation at each level of university, company and nation. At first, we will point out that every professor himself should be transdisciplinary in his university and also that there are a lot of his active domain on his campus. Next, based on the corporate hearing result, it will be pointed out that, the transdisciplinary human resources are significant and necessary in many companies. Lastly, the necessity of the transdisciplinary human resources will be described from the international viewpoint as well as on the national-strategy.