Paper:
Language: English:

Operation Planning of District Heating and Cooling Plants Considering Contract Violation Penalties

Kosuke Kato^, Masatoshi Sakawa^, Keiichi Ishimaru^,
and Satoshi Ushiro^

^*Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
^**Urban Facilities Division, Shinryo Corporation 3-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 163-1021, Japan

Received: November 22, 2008

Accepted: February 9, 2009

Keywords: district heating and cooling system, operation planning, nonlinear integer programming, contract violation penalty

Journal ref: Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics, Vol.13, No.3 pp. 185-192, 2009

Abstract

Urban district heating and cooling (DHC) systems operate large freezers, heat exchangers, and boilers to stably and economically supply hot and cold water, steam, etc., based on customer demand. We formulate an operation-planning problem as a nonlinear integer programming problem for an actual DHC plant. To reflect actual decision making appropriately, we incorporate contract-violation penalties into the running cost consisting of fuel and arrangements expenses. We, then, solve operation-planning problems with and without penalties, demonstrating the effectiveness of taking penalties into consideration.

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